TY  - JOUR
AU  - Golić-Jelić, Ana
AU  - Tasić, Ljiljana
AU  - Škrbić, Ranko
AU  - Marinković, Valentina
AU  - Stoisavljević Šatara, Svjetlana
AU  - Stojaković, Nataša
AU  - Marković Peković, Vanda
AU  - Godman, Brian
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3937
AB  - Background: Pharmacists are often the first healthcare professionals that patients contact with their illnesses and requests for medical information, which is enhanced following the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Community pharmacists are expected and required to possess a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills. Self-assessment of these competencies is needed for their self-improvement. Purpose of the study: To assess pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives, and to compare the scores obtained by external observation with pharmacists’ self-assessment of their knowledge as well as investigate the significance of preceptorship experiences. Contraceptives was chosen as the subject area in view of high rates of abortions as a means of contraception in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: A questionnaire approach was used. The questionnaire included the following: the first domain contained two case scenarios (safe use of contraceptives), which evaluated clinical knowledge, a second domain in which pharmacists self-assessed their knowledge to resolve cases from the first domain and a third domain that measured the demographics of pharmacists (including experience in preceptorship). Dispensing practice was evaluated in the second domain. The questionnaires were distributed to a convenient sample of 100 pharmacists at the Annual Meeting of Bosnia and Herzegovina Pharmacists. The results were presented as counts (%). The groups (preceptors and non-preceptors) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test, paired assessments were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman’s correlation was used to assess the correlation between variables. Results: Of the 100 pharmacists invited to participate, 84 completed the questionnaire (84 % response rate). There was no agreement between pharmacists’ real knowledge (average score - case 1: 2.71, case 2: 3.3) and their self-assessment (average score - case 1: 3.77, case 2: 3.91). There was no statistically significant difference in the actual knowledge of pharmacists (experienced/non-experienced in precepting), while the difference in the self-assessment was significant between these two groups. Conclusion: Pharmacists appear to overrate themselves, which leads to self-enhancement bias, in which the experience in precepting has some influence. Pharmacists’ capability in performing an objective self-assessment of their clinical knowledge needs to be carefully studied in the future to fully benefit patients.
PB  - BioMed Central Ltd
T2  - BMC Medical Education
T1  - Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
DO  - 10.1186/s12909-021-02864-9
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Golić-Jelić, Ana and Tasić, Ljiljana and Škrbić, Ranko and Marinković, Valentina and Stoisavljević Šatara, Svjetlana and Stojaković, Nataša and Marković Peković, Vanda and Godman, Brian",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Background: Pharmacists are often the first healthcare professionals that patients contact with their illnesses and requests for medical information, which is enhanced following the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Community pharmacists are expected and required to possess a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills. Self-assessment of these competencies is needed for their self-improvement. Purpose of the study: To assess pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives, and to compare the scores obtained by external observation with pharmacists’ self-assessment of their knowledge as well as investigate the significance of preceptorship experiences. Contraceptives was chosen as the subject area in view of high rates of abortions as a means of contraception in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: A questionnaire approach was used. The questionnaire included the following: the first domain contained two case scenarios (safe use of contraceptives), which evaluated clinical knowledge, a second domain in which pharmacists self-assessed their knowledge to resolve cases from the first domain and a third domain that measured the demographics of pharmacists (including experience in preceptorship). Dispensing practice was evaluated in the second domain. The questionnaires were distributed to a convenient sample of 100 pharmacists at the Annual Meeting of Bosnia and Herzegovina Pharmacists. The results were presented as counts (%). The groups (preceptors and non-preceptors) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test, paired assessments were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman’s correlation was used to assess the correlation between variables. Results: Of the 100 pharmacists invited to participate, 84 completed the questionnaire (84 % response rate). There was no agreement between pharmacists’ real knowledge (average score - case 1: 2.71, case 2: 3.3) and their self-assessment (average score - case 1: 3.77, case 2: 3.91). There was no statistically significant difference in the actual knowledge of pharmacists (experienced/non-experienced in precepting), while the difference in the self-assessment was significant between these two groups. Conclusion: Pharmacists appear to overrate themselves, which leads to self-enhancement bias, in which the experience in precepting has some influence. Pharmacists’ capability in performing an objective self-assessment of their clinical knowledge needs to be carefully studied in the future to fully benefit patients.",
publisher = "BioMed Central Ltd",
journal = "BMC Medical Education",
title = "Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications",
volume = "21",
number = "1",
doi = "10.1186/s12909-021-02864-9"
}

Golić-Jelić, A., Tasić, L., Škrbić, R., Marinković, V., Stoisavljević Šatara, S., Stojaković, N., Marković Peković, V.,& Godman, B.. (2021). Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications. in BMC Medical Education
BioMed Central Ltd., 21(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02864-9

Golić-Jelić A, Tasić L, Škrbić R, Marinković V, Stoisavljević Šatara S, Stojaković N, Marković Peković V, Godman B. Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications. in BMC Medical Education. 2021;21(1).
doi:10.1186/s12909-021-02864-9 .

Golić-Jelić, Ana, Tasić, Ljiljana, Škrbić, Ranko, Marinković, Valentina, Stoisavljević Šatara, Svjetlana, Stojaković, Nataša, Marković Peković, Vanda, Godman, Brian, "Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications" in BMC Medical Education, 21, no. 1 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02864-9 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miljković, Nenad
AU  - van Overbeeke, Eline
AU  - Godman, Brian
AU  - Kovačević, Milena
AU  - Anastasi, Alison
AU  - Bochenek, Tomasz
AU  - Huys, Isabelle
AU  - Miljković, Branislava
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3732
AB  - Objective: This study aimed to obtain a comprehensive overview on the perception, attitudes, and experience of European pharmacists with prospective risk assessment procedures in everyday practice, as well as to identify challenges and solutions. This is a follow-up study to the surveys on prospective risk assessment previously carried out within the COST Action 15105 among pharmacists across Europe.

Methodology: In-depth interviews were performed using an interview guide comprising 25 questions. Interviews were transcribed ad verbatim and imported into NVivo 10 for framework analysis. In NVivo, the interviews were coded through assigning text segments to a responding code from a coding tree, covering the full content of the interviews. Coded text segments were then charted into a matrix, and analyzed by interpreting all text segments per code.

Results: In total, 18 interviews were conducted. From the framework analysis, 6 codes and 12 sub-codes emerged. Overall, despite citing specific issues pertaining to its implementation, the interviewees considered multi-stakeholder and multi-disciplinary prospective risk assessment to be essential. While healthcare professionals reported being aware of the importance of risk assessment, they cited insufficient knowledge and skills to be a major obstacle in everyday practice. They also reported inadequate IT support since a paper-based system is still widely in use, thereby complicating data extraction to carry out prospective risk assessment.

Conclusion: While prospective risk assessment was found to be valuable, interviewees also found it to be a resource-intensive and time-consuming process. Due to resource constraints, it may not be possible or desirable to conduct prospective risk assessment for every shortage. However, for critical-essential drugs, it is crucial to have a ready-to-use substitute based on risk assessment. Moreover, potential risks of substitutes on patient health should be identified before a shortage occurs and the substitute is dispensed as an alternative.
PB  - Frontiers Media S.A.
T2  - Frontiers in Medicine
T1  - Practical Implications From European Hospital Pharmacists on Prospective Risk Assessment for Medicine Shortages
VL  - 7
EP  - 1-12
DO  - 10.3389/fmed.2020.00407
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Miljković, Nenad and van Overbeeke, Eline and Godman, Brian and Kovačević, Milena and Anastasi, Alison and Bochenek, Tomasz and Huys, Isabelle and Miljković, Branislava",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Objective: This study aimed to obtain a comprehensive overview on the perception, attitudes, and experience of European pharmacists with prospective risk assessment procedures in everyday practice, as well as to identify challenges and solutions. This is a follow-up study to the surveys on prospective risk assessment previously carried out within the COST Action 15105 among pharmacists across Europe.

Methodology: In-depth interviews were performed using an interview guide comprising 25 questions. Interviews were transcribed ad verbatim and imported into NVivo 10 for framework analysis. In NVivo, the interviews were coded through assigning text segments to a responding code from a coding tree, covering the full content of the interviews. Coded text segments were then charted into a matrix, and analyzed by interpreting all text segments per code.

Results: In total, 18 interviews were conducted. From the framework analysis, 6 codes and 12 sub-codes emerged. Overall, despite citing specific issues pertaining to its implementation, the interviewees considered multi-stakeholder and multi-disciplinary prospective risk assessment to be essential. While healthcare professionals reported being aware of the importance of risk assessment, they cited insufficient knowledge and skills to be a major obstacle in everyday practice. They also reported inadequate IT support since a paper-based system is still widely in use, thereby complicating data extraction to carry out prospective risk assessment.

Conclusion: While prospective risk assessment was found to be valuable, interviewees also found it to be a resource-intensive and time-consuming process. Due to resource constraints, it may not be possible or desirable to conduct prospective risk assessment for every shortage. However, for critical-essential drugs, it is crucial to have a ready-to-use substitute based on risk assessment. Moreover, potential risks of substitutes on patient health should be identified before a shortage occurs and the substitute is dispensed as an alternative.",
publisher = "Frontiers Media S.A.",
journal = "Frontiers in Medicine",
title = "Practical Implications From European Hospital Pharmacists on Prospective Risk Assessment for Medicine Shortages",
volume = "7",
pages = "1-12",
doi = "10.3389/fmed.2020.00407"
}

Miljković, N., van Overbeeke, E., Godman, B., Kovačević, M., Anastasi, A., Bochenek, T., Huys, I.,& Miljković, B.. (2020). Practical Implications From European Hospital Pharmacists on Prospective Risk Assessment for Medicine Shortages. in Frontiers in Medicine
Frontiers Media S.A.., 7.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00407

Miljković N, van Overbeeke E, Godman B, Kovačević M, Anastasi A, Bochenek T, Huys I, Miljković B. Practical Implications From European Hospital Pharmacists on Prospective Risk Assessment for Medicine Shortages. in Frontiers in Medicine. 2020;7:null-1-12.
doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00407 .

Miljković, Nenad, van Overbeeke, Eline, Godman, Brian, Kovačević, Milena, Anastasi, Alison, Bochenek, Tomasz, Huys, Isabelle, Miljković, Branislava, "Practical Implications From European Hospital Pharmacists on Prospective Risk Assessment for Medicine Shortages" in Frontiers in Medicine, 7 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00407 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miljković, Nenad
AU  - Godman, Brian
AU  - van Overbeeke, Eline
AU  - Kovačević, Milena
AU  - Tsiakitzis, Karyofyllis
AU  - Apatsidou, Athina
AU  - Nikopoulou, Anna
AU  - Garcia Yubero, Cristina
AU  - Portillo Horcajada, Laura
AU  - Stemer, Gunar
AU  - Kuruc-Poje, Darija
AU  - De Rijdt, Thomas
AU  - Bochenek, Tomasz
AU  - Huys, Isabelle
AU  - Miljković, Branislava
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3731
AB  - Introduction: Medicine shortages result in great risk for the continuity of patient care especially for antimicrobial treatment, potentially enhancing resistance rates and having a higher economic impact. This study aims to identify, describe, assess, and assign risk priority levels to potential failures following substitution of antimicrobial treatment due to shortages among European hospitals. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of corrective actions on risk reduction so as to provide guidance and improve future patient care.

Methods: Health-care failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA) was applied to hospitals in Austria (H-AT), Belgium (H-BE), Croatia (H-CR), Greece (H-GR), Spain (H-SP), and Serbia (H-SR). Multidisciplinary teams identified processes, failure modes, causes, and corrective actions related to antibiotic substitution following medicine shortages. Characteristics of study hospitals as well as severity, probability, and hazard scores (HSs) of failure modes/causes were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics® via descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Through HFMEA, 74 failure modes were identified, with 53 of these scoring 8 or above on the basis of assigned severity and probability for a failure. Severity of failure modes differed before and after corrective actions in H-CR, H-GR, and H-SR (p < 0.005). Their probability differed in all study hospitals (p < 0.005) when compared before and after corrective actions aimed to be implemented. The highest number of failure-mode causes was detected in H-CR (46) and the lowest in H-SP (16). Corrective actions can address failure modes and lower HSs; therein, all teams proposed the following: structuring communication among stakeholders, introducing electronic prescribing, strengthening pharmacists' involvement, and increasing effectiveness of the ward stock assessment. These proposed actions led to HS reductions up to 83%.

Conclusion: There is a lack of structure in addressing risks associated with antibiotic substitution following shortages. Furthermore, lack of communication, data scarcity on availability of antibiotics, non-supportive information technology (IT) systems, and lack of internal substitution protocols hinder quick assessment of alternatives addressing patient needs. Nevertheless, the study shows that health-care professionals manage to secure optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients using available IT and human resources.
PB  - Frontiers Media S.A.
T2  - Frontiers in Medicine
T1  - Risks in Antibiotic Substitution Following Medicine Shortage: A Health-Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Six European Hospitals
VL  - 7
DO  - 10.3389/fmed.2020.00157
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Miljković, Nenad and Godman, Brian and van Overbeeke, Eline and Kovačević, Milena and Tsiakitzis, Karyofyllis and Apatsidou, Athina and Nikopoulou, Anna and Garcia Yubero, Cristina and Portillo Horcajada, Laura and Stemer, Gunar and Kuruc-Poje, Darija and De Rijdt, Thomas and Bochenek, Tomasz and Huys, Isabelle and Miljković, Branislava",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Introduction: Medicine shortages result in great risk for the continuity of patient care especially for antimicrobial treatment, potentially enhancing resistance rates and having a higher economic impact. This study aims to identify, describe, assess, and assign risk priority levels to potential failures following substitution of antimicrobial treatment due to shortages among European hospitals. Furthermore, the study investigated the impact of corrective actions on risk reduction so as to provide guidance and improve future patient care.

Methods: Health-care failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA) was applied to hospitals in Austria (H-AT), Belgium (H-BE), Croatia (H-CR), Greece (H-GR), Spain (H-SP), and Serbia (H-SR). Multidisciplinary teams identified processes, failure modes, causes, and corrective actions related to antibiotic substitution following medicine shortages. Characteristics of study hospitals as well as severity, probability, and hazard scores (HSs) of failure modes/causes were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics® via descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Through HFMEA, 74 failure modes were identified, with 53 of these scoring 8 or above on the basis of assigned severity and probability for a failure. Severity of failure modes differed before and after corrective actions in H-CR, H-GR, and H-SR (p < 0.005). Their probability differed in all study hospitals (p < 0.005) when compared before and after corrective actions aimed to be implemented. The highest number of failure-mode causes was detected in H-CR (46) and the lowest in H-SP (16). Corrective actions can address failure modes and lower HSs; therein, all teams proposed the following: structuring communication among stakeholders, introducing electronic prescribing, strengthening pharmacists' involvement, and increasing effectiveness of the ward stock assessment. These proposed actions led to HS reductions up to 83%.

Conclusion: There is a lack of structure in addressing risks associated with antibiotic substitution following shortages. Furthermore, lack of communication, data scarcity on availability of antibiotics, non-supportive information technology (IT) systems, and lack of internal substitution protocols hinder quick assessment of alternatives addressing patient needs. Nevertheless, the study shows that health-care professionals manage to secure optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients using available IT and human resources.",
publisher = "Frontiers Media S.A.",
journal = "Frontiers in Medicine",
title = "Risks in Antibiotic Substitution Following Medicine Shortage: A Health-Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Six European Hospitals",
volume = "7",
doi = "10.3389/fmed.2020.00157"
}

Miljković, N., Godman, B., van Overbeeke, E., Kovačević, M., Tsiakitzis, K., Apatsidou, A., Nikopoulou, A., Garcia Yubero, C., Portillo Horcajada, L., Stemer, G., Kuruc-Poje, D., De Rijdt, T., Bochenek, T., Huys, I.,& Miljković, B.. (2020). Risks in Antibiotic Substitution Following Medicine Shortage: A Health-Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Six European Hospitals. in Frontiers in Medicine
Frontiers Media S.A.., 7.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00157

Miljković N, Godman B, van Overbeeke E, Kovačević M, Tsiakitzis K, Apatsidou A, Nikopoulou A, Garcia Yubero C, Portillo Horcajada L, Stemer G, Kuruc-Poje D, De Rijdt T, Bochenek T, Huys I, Miljković B. Risks in Antibiotic Substitution Following Medicine Shortage: A Health-Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Six European Hospitals. in Frontiers in Medicine. 2020;7.
doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00157 .

Miljković, Nenad, Godman, Brian, van Overbeeke, Eline, Kovačević, Milena, Tsiakitzis, Karyofyllis, Apatsidou, Athina, Nikopoulou, Anna, Garcia Yubero, Cristina, Portillo Horcajada, Laura, Stemer, Gunar, Kuruc-Poje, Darija, De Rijdt, Thomas, Bochenek, Tomasz, Huys, Isabelle, Miljković, Branislava, "Risks in Antibiotic Substitution Following Medicine Shortage: A Health-Care Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Six European Hospitals" in Frontiers in Medicine, 7 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00157 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miljković, Nenad
AU  - Godman, Brian
AU  - Kovačević, Milena
AU  - Polidori, Piera
AU  - Tzimis, Leonidas
AU  - Hoppe-Tichy, Torsten
AU  - Saar, Marika
AU  - Antofie, Ioan
AU  - Horvath, Laszlo
AU  - De Rijdt, Thomas
AU  - Vida, Róbert György
AU  - Kkolou, Elena
AU  - Preece, David
AU  - Tubić, Biljana
AU  - Peppard, Joan
AU  - Martinez, Alicia
AU  - Yubero, Cristina Garcia
AU  - Haddad, Ratiba
AU  - Rajinac, Dragana
AU  - Zelić, Pavle
AU  - Jenzer, Helena
AU  - Tartar, Franci
AU  - Gitler, Gunda
AU  - Jeske, Martina
AU  - Davidescu, Michal
AU  - Beraud, Michal
AU  - Kuruc-Poje, Darija
AU  - Haag, Sakstrup Haag
AU  - Fischer, Hanne
AU  - Sviestina, Inese
AU  - Ljubojević, Gordana
AU  - Markestad, Anne
AU  - Vujić-Aleksić, Vesna
AU  - Nežić, Lana
AU  - Crkvenčić, Anica
AU  - Linnolahti, Johanna
AU  - Ašanin, Bogdan
AU  - Duborija-Kovačević, Nataša
AU  - Bochenek, Tomasz
AU  - Huys, Isabelle
AU  - Miljković, Branislava
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3586
AB  - Introduction: While medicine shortages are complex, their mitigation is more of a challenge. Prospective risk assessment as a means to mitigate possible shortages, has yet to be applied equally across healthcare settings. The aims of this study have been to: 1) gain insight into risk-prevention against possible medicine shortages among healthcare experts; 2) review existing strategies for minimizing patient-health risks through applied risk assessment; and 3) learn from experiences related to application in practice. Methodology: A semi-structured questionnaire focusing on medicine shortages was distributed electronically to members of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 15105 (28 member countries) and to hospital pharmacists of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) (including associated healthcare professionals). Their answers were subjected to both qualitative and quantitative analysis (Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics®) with descriptive statistics based on the distribution of responses. Their proportional difference was tested by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for independence. Differences in the observed ordinal variables were tested by the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test. The qualitative data were tabulated and recombined with the quantitative data to observe, uncover and interpret meanings and patterns. Results: The participants (61.7%) are aware of the use of risk assessment procedures as a coping strategy for medicine shortages, and named the particular risk assessment procedure they are familiar with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) (26.4%), root cause analysis (RCA) (23.5%), the healthcare FMEA (HFMEA) (14.7%), and the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) (14.7%). Only 29.4% report risk assessment as integrated into mitigation strategy protocols. Risk assessment is typically conducted within multidisciplinary teams (35.3%). Whereas 14.7% participants were aware of legislation stipulating risk assessment implementation in shortages, 88.2% claimed not to have reported their findings to their respective official institutions. 85.3% consider risk assessment a useful mitigation strategy. Conclusion: The study indicates a lack of systematically organized tools used to prospectively analyze clinical as well as operationalized risk stemming from medicine shortages in healthcare. There is also a lack of legal instruments and sufficient data confirming the necessity and usefulness of risk assessment in mitigating medicine shortages in Europe. © Copyright © 2020 Miljković, Godman, Kovačević, Polidori, Tzimis, Hoppe-Tichy, Saar, Antofie, Horvath, De Rijdt, Vida, Kkolou, Preece, Tubić, Peppard, Martinez, Yubero, Haddad, Rajinac, Zelić, Jenzer, Tartar, Gitler, Jeske, Davidescu, Beraud, Kuruc-Poje, Haag, Fischer, Sviestina, Ljubojević, Markestad, Vujić-Aleksić, Nežić, Crkvenčić, Linnolahti, Ašanin, Duborija-Kovačević, Bochenek, Huys and Miljković.
PB  - Frontiers Media S.A.
T2  - Frontiers in Pharmacology
T1  - Prospective Risk Assessment of Medicine Shortages in Europe and Israel: Findings and Implications
VL  - 11
DO  - 10.3389/fphar.2020.00357
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Miljković, Nenad and Godman, Brian and Kovačević, Milena and Polidori, Piera and Tzimis, Leonidas and Hoppe-Tichy, Torsten and Saar, Marika and Antofie, Ioan and Horvath, Laszlo and De Rijdt, Thomas and Vida, Róbert György and Kkolou, Elena and Preece, David and Tubić, Biljana and Peppard, Joan and Martinez, Alicia and Yubero, Cristina Garcia and Haddad, Ratiba and Rajinac, Dragana and Zelić, Pavle and Jenzer, Helena and Tartar, Franci and Gitler, Gunda and Jeske, Martina and Davidescu, Michal and Beraud, Michal and Kuruc-Poje, Darija and Haag, Sakstrup Haag and Fischer, Hanne and Sviestina, Inese and Ljubojević, Gordana and Markestad, Anne and Vujić-Aleksić, Vesna and Nežić, Lana and Crkvenčić, Anica and Linnolahti, Johanna and Ašanin, Bogdan and Duborija-Kovačević, Nataša and Bochenek, Tomasz and Huys, Isabelle and Miljković, Branislava",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Introduction: While medicine shortages are complex, their mitigation is more of a challenge. Prospective risk assessment as a means to mitigate possible shortages, has yet to be applied equally across healthcare settings. The aims of this study have been to: 1) gain insight into risk-prevention against possible medicine shortages among healthcare experts; 2) review existing strategies for minimizing patient-health risks through applied risk assessment; and 3) learn from experiences related to application in practice. Methodology: A semi-structured questionnaire focusing on medicine shortages was distributed electronically to members of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 15105 (28 member countries) and to hospital pharmacists of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) (including associated healthcare professionals). Their answers were subjected to both qualitative and quantitative analysis (Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics®) with descriptive statistics based on the distribution of responses. Their proportional difference was tested by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test for independence. Differences in the observed ordinal variables were tested by the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test. The qualitative data were tabulated and recombined with the quantitative data to observe, uncover and interpret meanings and patterns. Results: The participants (61.7%) are aware of the use of risk assessment procedures as a coping strategy for medicine shortages, and named the particular risk assessment procedure they are familiar with failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) (26.4%), root cause analysis (RCA) (23.5%), the healthcare FMEA (HFMEA) (14.7%), and the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) (14.7%). Only 29.4% report risk assessment as integrated into mitigation strategy protocols. Risk assessment is typically conducted within multidisciplinary teams (35.3%). Whereas 14.7% participants were aware of legislation stipulating risk assessment implementation in shortages, 88.2% claimed not to have reported their findings to their respective official institutions. 85.3% consider risk assessment a useful mitigation strategy. Conclusion: The study indicates a lack of systematically organized tools used to prospectively analyze clinical as well as operationalized risk stemming from medicine shortages in healthcare. There is also a lack of legal instruments and sufficient data confirming the necessity and usefulness of risk assessment in mitigating medicine shortages in Europe. © Copyright © 2020 Miljković, Godman, Kovačević, Polidori, Tzimis, Hoppe-Tichy, Saar, Antofie, Horvath, De Rijdt, Vida, Kkolou, Preece, Tubić, Peppard, Martinez, Yubero, Haddad, Rajinac, Zelić, Jenzer, Tartar, Gitler, Jeske, Davidescu, Beraud, Kuruc-Poje, Haag, Fischer, Sviestina, Ljubojević, Markestad, Vujić-Aleksić, Nežić, Crkvenčić, Linnolahti, Ašanin, Duborija-Kovačević, Bochenek, Huys and Miljković.",
publisher = "Frontiers Media S.A.",
journal = "Frontiers in Pharmacology",
title = "Prospective Risk Assessment of Medicine Shortages in Europe and Israel: Findings and Implications",
volume = "11",
doi = "10.3389/fphar.2020.00357"
}

Miljković, N., Godman, B., Kovačević, M., Polidori, P., Tzimis, L., Hoppe-Tichy, T., Saar, M., Antofie, I., Horvath, L., De Rijdt, T., Vida, R. G., Kkolou, E., Preece, D., Tubić, B., Peppard, J., Martinez, A., Yubero, C. G., Haddad, R., Rajinac, D., Zelić, P., Jenzer, H., Tartar, F., Gitler, G., Jeske, M., Davidescu, M., Beraud, M., Kuruc-Poje, D., Haag, S. H., Fischer, H., Sviestina, I., Ljubojević, G., Markestad, A., Vujić-Aleksić, V., Nežić, L., Crkvenčić, A., Linnolahti, J., Ašanin, B., Duborija-Kovačević, N., Bochenek, T., Huys, I.,& Miljković, B.. (2020). Prospective Risk Assessment of Medicine Shortages in Europe and Israel: Findings and Implications. in Frontiers in Pharmacology
Frontiers Media S.A.., 11.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00357

Miljković N, Godman B, Kovačević M, Polidori P, Tzimis L, Hoppe-Tichy T, Saar M, Antofie I, Horvath L, De Rijdt T, Vida RG, Kkolou E, Preece D, Tubić B, Peppard J, Martinez A, Yubero CG, Haddad R, Rajinac D, Zelić P, Jenzer H, Tartar F, Gitler G, Jeske M, Davidescu M, Beraud M, Kuruc-Poje D, Haag SH, Fischer H, Sviestina I, Ljubojević G, Markestad A, Vujić-Aleksić V, Nežić L, Crkvenčić A, Linnolahti J, Ašanin B, Duborija-Kovačević N, Bochenek T, Huys I, Miljković B. Prospective Risk Assessment of Medicine Shortages in Europe and Israel: Findings and Implications. in Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2020;11.
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00357 .

Miljković, Nenad, Godman, Brian, Kovačević, Milena, Polidori, Piera, Tzimis, Leonidas, Hoppe-Tichy, Torsten, Saar, Marika, Antofie, Ioan, Horvath, Laszlo, De Rijdt, Thomas, Vida, Róbert György, Kkolou, Elena, Preece, David, Tubić, Biljana, Peppard, Joan, Martinez, Alicia, Yubero, Cristina Garcia, Haddad, Ratiba, Rajinac, Dragana, Zelić, Pavle, Jenzer, Helena, Tartar, Franci, Gitler, Gunda, Jeske, Martina, Davidescu, Michal, Beraud, Michal, Kuruc-Poje, Darija, Haag, Sakstrup Haag, Fischer, Hanne, Sviestina, Inese, Ljubojević, Gordana, Markestad, Anne, Vujić-Aleksić, Vesna, Nežić, Lana, Crkvenčić, Anica, Linnolahti, Johanna, Ašanin, Bogdan, Duborija-Kovačević, Nataša, Bochenek, Tomasz, Huys, Isabelle, Miljković, Branislava, "Prospective Risk Assessment of Medicine Shortages in Europe and Israel: Findings and Implications" in Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00357 . .