@conference{
author = "Odalović, Marina and Tadić, Ivana and Lakić, Dragana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Drug residues isolated from environment, such as soil and water, pose a direct threat
to human and animal health, and appropriate regulations have been adopted at the European
Union level to reduce and control pollution caused by drugs (1, 2). Accordingly, numerous
professional debates have been initiated related to pharmacists’ professional responsibility.
As a result, international professional associations of pharmacists have made
recommendations for taking specific professional activities to protect the environment from
the harmful effects of drugs, which will directly contribute to the implementation of adopted
regulations (2, 3).
Among the most important recommendations for improving pharmaceutical practice
to contribute to green pharmacy are as follows: (i) taking actions to increase the public
awareness on the prudent use of medicines and pharmaceutical waste collection, (ii)
developing guidelines and information materials for healthcare professionals on the prudent
use of pharmaceuticals, (iii) exploring the inclusion of environmental aspects for
pharmaceuticals posing a risk to or via the environment in the pharmacy education and
continuous professional development programs, (iv) developing and ensuring compliance
with environmental quality standards for pharmaceuticals as a measure to promote greener
manufacturing, (v) ensuring appropriate funding of pharmacy-led disposal and collection
schemes for medicines, (vi) reducing pharmaceutical waste caused by leftover medicines by
ensuring that systems are in place that encourage the prescription and dispensing of
quantities of certain risk medicines in package sizes matching the duration of treatment, (vii)
supporting the development of environmentally friendly practices and sustainability policies
in pharmacies.
There are numerous examples of good practices in European countries in
pharmaceutical waste management. Among them are numerous examples of programs to
improve citizens' awareness of the importance of returning unused or expired drugs to
pharmacies, i.e. on dangers to the environment and public health if medicines are disposed
with communal waste. In addition, there are many examples of good organization of
pharmaceutical waste management, which emphasize the importance of cooperation between
different stakeholders (i.e. pharmacies, pharmaceutical industries, distributors) and support
of municipalities and national government.
Adherence to adopted regulations for pharmaceutical waste management, and the
recommendations of professional associations to improve pharmaceutical practice in the light
of green pharmacy, with examples of good practice from developed countries, represents the
basis of the pharmacists’ professional responsibility in the context of environmental
protection from drug pollution., Ostaci lekova izolovani iz životne sredine, kao što su zemljište i voda, predstavljaju
direktnu pretnju zdravlju ljudi i životinja, te su na nivou Evropske unije doneti odgovarajući
propisi radi smanjenja i kontrole zagađenja uzrokovanog lekovima (1, 2). U skladu sa
navedenom situacijom pokrenute su brojne debate na temu profesionalne odgovornosti
farmaceuta, a kao rezultat stručnih diskusija, međunarodna strukovna udruženja farmaceuta
donela su preporuke za preduzimanje konkretnih profesionalnih aktivnosti sa ciljem zaštite
životne sredine od zagađenja lekovima, koje će direktno doprineti implementaciji usvojenih
propisa (2, 3).
Među najznačajnim preporukama za unapređenje farmaceutske prakse radi doprinosa
„zelenoj” farmaciji navodi se sledeće: (i) sprovođenje aktivnosti sa ciljem povećanja svesti
javnosti o značaju upotrebe lekova sa oprezom, kao i o prikupljanju i vraćaju u apoteku lekova
sa isteklim rokom i neupotrebljenih lekova, (ii) izrada smernica i promotivnih materijala za
zdravstvene radnike o racionalnoj upotrebi lekova, (iii) izučavanje nastavnih sadržaja sa
temama iz oblasti rizika od upotrebe lekova za životnu sredinu u toku studija i programa
kontinuirane edukacije, (iv) obezbeđenje odgovarajućih finansijskih sredstava za prikupljanje
i odlaganje lekova na nivou apoteke, (v) usklađenost sa propisima za zaštitu životne sredine,
kao mera za promovisanje „zelenije” proizvodnje lekova, (vi) smanjenje nastanka
farmaceutskog otpada uzrokovano neupotrebljenim lekovima kroz podsticanje mera za
propisivanja i izdavanje lekova u količini ograničenoj na period trajanja lečenja, (vii) podrška
razvoju ekološki prihvatljivih praksi i pratećih propisa u apotekama (3).
U zemljama Evropske unije danas postoje brojni primeri dobrih praksi u prikupljanju i
pravilnom rukovanju farmaceutskim otpadom Među njima su brojni primeri programa za
unapređenje svesti građana o značaju vraćanja lekovima sa isteklim rokom ili neupotrebljenih
lekova u apoteke, tj. o opasnostima po životnu sredinu i javno zdravlje ukoliko se lekovi odlažu
sa komunalnim otpadom. Pored toga, dosta je primera dobre organizacije procesa rukovanja
farmaceutskim otpadom gde se ističe značaj saradnje različitih interesnih strana, tj. apoteka,
farmaceutske industrije, distributera, kao i podrška lokalne samouprave i državne uprave.
Poštovanje nacionalnih propisa za rukovanje farmaceutskim otpadom i preporuka
profesionalnih udruženja za unapređenje farmaceutske prakse u svetlu „zelene” farmacije,
imajući u vidu primere dobrih praksi iz razvijenih zemalja, predstavlja okosnicu profesionalne
odgovornosti farmaceuta u kontekstu zaštite životne sredine od zagađenja lekovima.",
publisher = "Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije (SFUS)",
journal = "Arhiv za farmaciju",
title = "Green pharmacy - recommendations for pharmacy practice improvement, „Zelena” farmacija - preporuke za unapređenje farmaceutske prakse",
volume = "71",
number = "5 suplement",
pages = "S20-S21",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4665"
}
