TY  - JOUR
AU  - Viktorovich Karaulov, Alexander
AU  - Ivanovich Smolyagin, Alexander
AU  - Valeryevna Mikhailova, Irina
AU  - Abramovich Stadnikov, Alexander
AU  - Vyacheslavovna Ermolina, Evgenia
AU  - Vladimirovna Filippova, Yulia
AU  - Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Natalia
AU  - Vlata, Zacharenia
AU  - Buha-Đorđević, Aleksandra
AU  - Tsitsimpikou, Christina
AU  - Hartung, Thomas
AU  - Hernandez, Antonio
AU  - Tsatsakis, Antonio
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3986
AB  - This study assessed the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and lymphoid organs (thymus, spleen, and bone marrow) of Wistar rats treated with a mixture of chromium and benzene. Animals were assessed at three time-points (45, 90 and 135 days) following oral mixture exposure. The hypothalamus-pituitary system was examined in light and electron microscopy. Lymphoid organs underwent a morphological assessment and the immunophenotype of splenocytes was characterized immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies. Splenocytes cytokine production of was determined by ELISA after Con-A stimulation. Combined exposure to chromium and benzene in average doses of 20 mg Cr (VI)/kg body weight/day and 0.6 ml benzene/kg body weight/day impaired the responsiveness of the central compartment of the HPA axis, as evidenced by functional activation of the secretory activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which was not followed by a sufficient extrusion of nonapeptides at the neurohypophysis and hypothalamic median eminence. Chromium and benzene exposure reduced the thymus mass, thymocytes count, and caused a number of structural and functional changes indicative of transient thymus involution. In the spleen, exposure to both chemicals resulted in lymphoreticular hyperplasia and plasma cell-macrophage transformation (also observed in lymph nodes). Apoptosis of thymocytes and lymphocytes was also observed in T-zones of the spleen. Notably, the effects were similar to those observed earlier for the single agents, under the same experimental conditions, without evidence of additivity.
PB  - Academic Press Inc.
T2  - Environmental Research
T1  - Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems
DO  - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Viktorovich Karaulov, Alexander and Ivanovich Smolyagin, Alexander and Valeryevna Mikhailova, Irina and Abramovich Stadnikov, Alexander and Vyacheslavovna Ermolina, Evgenia and Vladimirovna Filippova, Yulia and Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Natalia and Vlata, Zacharenia and Buha-Đorđević, Aleksandra and Tsitsimpikou, Christina and Hartung, Thomas and Hernandez, Antonio and Tsatsakis, Antonio",
year = "2021",
abstract = "This study assessed the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and lymphoid organs (thymus, spleen, and bone marrow) of Wistar rats treated with a mixture of chromium and benzene. Animals were assessed at three time-points (45, 90 and 135 days) following oral mixture exposure. The hypothalamus-pituitary system was examined in light and electron microscopy. Lymphoid organs underwent a morphological assessment and the immunophenotype of splenocytes was characterized immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies. Splenocytes cytokine production of was determined by ELISA after Con-A stimulation. Combined exposure to chromium and benzene in average doses of 20 mg Cr (VI)/kg body weight/day and 0.6 ml benzene/kg body weight/day impaired the responsiveness of the central compartment of the HPA axis, as evidenced by functional activation of the secretory activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which was not followed by a sufficient extrusion of nonapeptides at the neurohypophysis and hypothalamic median eminence. Chromium and benzene exposure reduced the thymus mass, thymocytes count, and caused a number of structural and functional changes indicative of transient thymus involution. In the spleen, exposure to both chemicals resulted in lymphoreticular hyperplasia and plasma cell-macrophage transformation (also observed in lymph nodes). Apoptosis of thymocytes and lymphocytes was also observed in T-zones of the spleen. Notably, the effects were similar to those observed earlier for the single agents, under the same experimental conditions, without evidence of additivity.",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
journal = "Environmental Research",
title = "Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems",
doi = "10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096"
}

Viktorovich Karaulov, A., Ivanovich Smolyagin, A., Valeryevna Mikhailova, I., Abramovich Stadnikov, A., Vyacheslavovna Ermolina, E., Vladimirovna Filippova, Y., Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, N., Vlata, Z., Buha-Đorđević, A., Tsitsimpikou, C., Hartung, T., Hernandez, A.,& Tsatsakis, A.. (2021). Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems. in Environmental Research
Academic Press Inc...
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096

Viktorovich Karaulov A, Ivanovich Smolyagin A, Valeryevna Mikhailova I, Abramovich Stadnikov A, Vyacheslavovna Ermolina E, Vladimirovna Filippova Y, Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva N, Vlata Z, Buha-Đorđević A, Tsitsimpikou C, Hartung T, Hernandez A, Tsatsakis A. Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems. in Environmental Research. 2021;.
doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096 .

Viktorovich Karaulov, Alexander, Ivanovich Smolyagin, Alexander, Valeryevna Mikhailova, Irina, Abramovich Stadnikov, Alexander, Vyacheslavovna Ermolina, Evgenia, Vladimirovna Filippova, Yulia, Aleksandrovna Kuzmicheva, Natalia, Vlata, Zacharenia, Buha-Đorđević, Aleksandra, Tsitsimpikou, Christina, Hartung, Thomas, Hernandez, Antonio, Tsatsakis, Antonio, "Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems" in Environmental Research (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096 . .