@article{
author = "Sajc, L and Vunjak-Novaković, G and Grubišić, Dragoljub and Kovačević, Nada and Vuković, D and Bugarski, Branko",
year = "1995",
abstract = "The production of anthraquinones by Frangula alnus Mill. plant cells was used as a model system to evaluate the performance of a liquid-liquid extractive product-recovery process. The shake flask experiments have shown higher production of anthraquinones in cell suspension and flask cultures of calcium-alginate-immobilized cells when silicone oil was incorporated into the medium, compared to a control without silicone oil. An external-loop air-lift bioreactor, developed and designed for the production and simultaneous extraction of extracellular plant cell products, was regarded as a four-phase system, with dispersed gas, non-aqueous solvent and calcium-alginate-immobilized plant cells in Murashige and Skoog medium. Continuous extraction of anthraquinones by silicone oil and n-hexadecane inside the bioreactor resulted in 10–30 times higher cell productivity, compared to that of immobilized cells in a flask. Based on the mixing pattern, immobilized biocatalyst extraparticle and intraparticle diffusional constraints and the kinetics of growth, substrate consumption and product formation, a mathematical model was developed to describe the time course of a batch plant cell culture.",
journal = "Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology",
title = "Production of anthraquinones by immobilized Frangula alnus Mill. plant cells in a four-phase air-lift bioreactor",
volume = "43",
number = "3",
pages = "416-423",
doi = "10.1007/BF00218443"
}