@conference{
author = "Maksimović, Zoran",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Panonski timijan (Thymus pannonicus All. Lamiaceae) je rasprostranjen u srednjoj i
istočnoj Evropi na sušnim livadama i kamenjarima. U Srbiji raste pretežno u Vojvodini.
Literaturni podaci ukazuju na značajne razlike u sastavu etarskog ulja samoniklog panonskog
timijana. Potvrđeno je postojanje hemotipova; npr. timolnog i citralnog. Stabilna populacija
citralnog hemotipa locirana je u Srbiji samo na Vršačkim planinama. Herba ovog hemotipa se, u
južnom Banatu, koristi za pripremanje čajnog napitka specifičnog i prijatnog mirisa koji podseća
na limun, ali i protiv nekih respiratornih i digestivnih oboljenja. Ovo je bio i osnov za detaljnije
ispitivanje ove biljne vrste sa područja Vršačkih planina.
Hromatografskom analizom (GC FID/MS; HPLC), ispitivana je polimorfnost samoniklih
populacija citralnog hemotipa panonskog timijana i procenjivan uticaj ekoloških faktora na
njihove morfološke, anatomske i hemijske karakteristike. Testirana je antimikrobna,
antioksidantna, antitumorska i hepatoprotekivna aktivnost. Izvedeni su ogledi planskog gajenja i
odabrane linije sa poželjnim osobinama. Utvrđeni su parametri kvaliteta herbe panonskog
timijana, kao nove biljne sirovine.
Rezultati ukazuju da se panonski timijan sa Vršačkih planina može smatrati dobrim
izvorom biljne sirovine bogate citralom. Najvažniji sastojci polarnih ekstrakata herbe samoniklog
panonskog timijana bile su fenolske kiseline (rozmarinska, salvianolna) i flavonoidi (glukuronidi
luteolina i apigenina). Vodeni ekstrakt je ispoljio umereni antioksidantni efekat in vivo, uz
značajno smanjenje intenziteta lipidne peroksidacije i održavanje fizioloških koncentracija
glutationa. Prema ćelijama Erlihovog ascitnog tumora kod miša, vodeni ekstrakt je delovao
citotoksično, ispoljivši prooksidantni efekat kojim je indukovana apoptoza. Uočena je značajna
antimikrobna aktivnost prema testiranim mikroorganizmima, a naročito prema Candida albicans.
Etarsko ulje i metanolni ekstrakt ispoljili su izuzetnu inhibitornu aktivnost prema kliničkim
izolatima Helicobacter pylori rezistentnim na metronidazol i klaritromicin. Oplemenjivanjem,
dobijena je sorta željenih tehnoloških svojstava koja daje veći prinos biljne mase, veći i stabilniji
sadržaj etarskog ulja u odnosu na samoniklu biljku.
Citralni hemotip panonskog timijana se pokazao kao izdašan biološki izvor droge Thymi
pannonici herba. Zahvaljujući visokom sadržaju polifenolnih jedinjenja i etarskog ulja bogatog
citralom, kao i ispoljenoj antioksidantnoj, antimikrobnoj i antitumorskoj aktivnosti, ona
predstavlja potencijalno novu biljnu lekovitu sirovinu, koja bi se mogla primenjivati u
savremenoj fitoterapiji., Panonian thyme (Thymus pannonicus All. Lamiaceae) is distributed in central and eastern
Europe, over dry meadows, grasslands and rocks. In Serbia, it can be found mostly in Vojvodina
province. Reference data reveals high variability in the composition of wild‐growing pannonian
thyme. A number of chemotypes (e.g. thymol and citral) were confirmed. In Serbia, a stable
population of citral chemotype has been found at Mt. Vršačke planine only. In southern Banat,
dried herb of this chemotype is used to make tasty and refreshing herbal teas with peculiar and
pleasant lemon‐like scent; also, against some respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. This
provided the ground for further and detailed investigations on this plant species from Mt.
Vršačke planine.
By chromatographic analysis (GC FID/MS; HPLC), polymorphism within wild populations
of this species was studied, as well as dominant ecological factors that influenced their
morphologic, anatomic and chemical properties. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumour and
hepatoprotective activity were also tested. Planned cultivation was attempted and lines with
desirable traits were chosen. Parameters of quality for pannonian thyme herb as a new herbal
raw material were defined.
The results indicate that pannonian thyme from Mt. Vršačke planine could be considered
as a pleniful source of herbal raw material rich in citral. Principal constituents of polar extracts of
wild growing pannonian thyme were phenolic acids (rosmarinic, salvianolic) and flavonoids
(luteolin and apigenin glucuronides). Aqueous extract expressed moderate antioxidant effect in
vivo, along with a significant decrease of lipid peroxidation intensity and preservation of
physiological levels of glutathione. Against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in mice, aqueous extract
expressed significant cytotoxic activity, through prooxidant effect that induced apoptosis.
Significant antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms was observed; in particular,
against Candida albicans. Essential oil and methanolic extract expressed remarkable inhibitory
activity against clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori resistant to metronidazol and
claritromycine. Finally, a variety with desired technological characteristics was bred, yielding
superior biomass quantity, as well as higher and more stabile essential oil contents in
comparison to wild‐growing plants.
Pannonian thyme citral chemotype appeared to be a plentiful biological source of herbal
substance Thymi pannonici herba. Owing to high contents of polyphenols and essential oil rich in
citral, as well as to expressed antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor activity, it is a potentially
new herbal raw material that could be used in contemporary phytotherapy.",
publisher = "Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije (SFUS)",
journal = "Arhiv za farmaciju",
title = "Herba citralnog hemotipa panonskog timijana kao potencijalno nova biljna lekovita sirovina, The herb of pannonian thyme citral chemotype as potentially new herbal raw material with medicinal properties",
volume = "68",
number = "2",
pages = "144-145",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_5230"
}