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An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study

Authorized Users Only
2013
Authors
Radulović, Valentina
Aleksić, Mara
Agbaba, Danica
Kapetanović, Vera
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
An extensive electrochemical study of brimonidine at boron doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was done by applying cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) in sulfuric acid of different concentrations (pH ranged from 0.6 to 1.6), and in BR buffer (pH ranged from 2.0 to 9.0). It was found that the reduction of brimonidine occurred in a one-step quasi-reversible mechanism, involving the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reduction process took place at the quinoxaline ring and the corresponding mechanism of reduction was confirmed to be the same as for the other quinoxaline derivatives. The nature of the electrode process was found to be diffusion controlled in acid medium, while in a more alkaline medium a certain degree of adsorption was noticed. Based on this study, two sensitive voltammetric methods, differential pulse (DPV) and square wave (SWV) were developed, fully validated and suggested for rapid electroanalytical determination of low concentrations of b...rimonidine. The linearity was achieved within the concentration range from 2x10-6 M to 3x10-5 M for DPV (LOD=6.31x10-7 M, LOQ=2.1x10-6 M) and from 5x10-7 M to 1.5x10-5 M for SWV (LOD=1.28x10-7 M, LOQ=4.28x10-7 M). The methods were applied for brimonidine determination in pharmaceutical dosage form, eye drops. The obtained good recoveries suggested these simple and accurate methods for quality control of brimonidine in dosage form. Due to its high sensitivity, the SWV method could be a good alternative for determination of low concentrations of brimonidine, even in biological samples.

Keywords:
BDDE / Brimonidine / Determination / Reduction / Voltammetry
Source:
Electroanalysis, 2013, 25, 1, 230-236
Publisher:
  • Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH, Weinheim
Projects:
  • Synthesis, Quantitative Structure and Activity Relationship, Physico-Chemical Characterisation and Analysis of Pharmacologically Active Substances (RS-172033)

DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200400

ISSN: 1040-0397

WoS: 000313807600029

Scopus: 2-s2.0-84872589403
[ Google Scholar ]
9
10
URI
http://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1951
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researchers’ publications
Institution
Pharmacy
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radulović, Valentina
AU  - Aleksić, Mara
AU  - Agbaba, Danica
AU  - Kapetanović, Vera
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1951
AB  - An extensive electrochemical study of brimonidine at boron doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was done by applying cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) in sulfuric acid of different concentrations (pH ranged from 0.6 to 1.6), and in BR buffer (pH ranged from 2.0 to 9.0). It was found that the reduction of brimonidine occurred in a one-step quasi-reversible mechanism, involving the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reduction process took place at the quinoxaline ring and the corresponding mechanism of reduction was confirmed to be the same as for the other quinoxaline derivatives. The nature of the electrode process was found to be diffusion controlled in acid medium, while in a more alkaline medium a certain degree of adsorption was noticed. Based on this study, two sensitive voltammetric methods, differential pulse (DPV) and square wave (SWV) were developed, fully validated and suggested for rapid electroanalytical determination of low concentrations of brimonidine. The linearity was achieved within the concentration range from 2x10-6 M to 3x10-5 M for DPV (LOD=6.31x10-7 M, LOQ=2.1x10-6 M) and from 5x10-7 M to 1.5x10-5 M for SWV (LOD=1.28x10-7 M, LOQ=4.28x10-7 M). The methods were applied for brimonidine determination in pharmaceutical dosage form, eye drops. The obtained good recoveries suggested these simple and accurate methods for quality control of brimonidine in dosage form. Due to its high sensitivity, the SWV method could be a good alternative for determination of low concentrations of brimonidine, even in biological samples.
PB  - Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH, Weinheim
T2  - Electroanalysis
T1  - An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
SP  - 230
EP  - 236
DO  - 10.1002/elan.201200400
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Radulović, Valentina and Aleksić, Mara and Agbaba, Danica and Kapetanović, Vera",
year = "2013",
url = "http://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1951",
abstract = "An extensive electrochemical study of brimonidine at boron doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was done by applying cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) in sulfuric acid of different concentrations (pH ranged from 0.6 to 1.6), and in BR buffer (pH ranged from 2.0 to 9.0). It was found that the reduction of brimonidine occurred in a one-step quasi-reversible mechanism, involving the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reduction process took place at the quinoxaline ring and the corresponding mechanism of reduction was confirmed to be the same as for the other quinoxaline derivatives. The nature of the electrode process was found to be diffusion controlled in acid medium, while in a more alkaline medium a certain degree of adsorption was noticed. Based on this study, two sensitive voltammetric methods, differential pulse (DPV) and square wave (SWV) were developed, fully validated and suggested for rapid electroanalytical determination of low concentrations of brimonidine. The linearity was achieved within the concentration range from 2x10-6 M to 3x10-5 M for DPV (LOD=6.31x10-7 M, LOQ=2.1x10-6 M) and from 5x10-7 M to 1.5x10-5 M for SWV (LOD=1.28x10-7 M, LOQ=4.28x10-7 M). The methods were applied for brimonidine determination in pharmaceutical dosage form, eye drops. The obtained good recoveries suggested these simple and accurate methods for quality control of brimonidine in dosage form. Due to its high sensitivity, the SWV method could be a good alternative for determination of low concentrations of brimonidine, even in biological samples.",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH, Weinheim",
journal = "Electroanalysis",
title = "An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study",
volume = "25",
number = "1",
pages = "230-236",
doi = "10.1002/elan.201200400"
}
Radulović V, Aleksić M, Agbaba D, Kapetanović V. An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study. Electroanalysis. 2013;25(1):230-236
Radulović, V., Aleksić, M., Agbaba, D.,& Kapetanović, V. (2013). An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study.
ElectroanalysisWiley-VCH Verlag GMBH, Weinheim., 25(1), 230-236.
https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201200400
Radulović Valentina, Aleksić Mara, Agbaba Danica, Kapetanović Vera, "An Electroanalytical Approach to Brimonidine at Boron Doped Diamond Electrode Based on Its Extensive Voltammetric Study" 25, no. 1 (2013):230-236,
https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201200400 .

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