Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation effects on paraoxonase-1 enzymatic activity

Abstract

Paraoxonase-1 activity (PON1) and expression modulation using different pharmacological, nutritional and life-style approaches are current scientific foci. We have assessed the influence of omega-3 fatty acids from different dietary sources on PON1 activity and total oxidative status (TOS) in middle-aged dyslipidemic subjects. The study group consisted of 35 subjects, assigned to use commercial fish oil capsules or 150 g of smoked salmon two times per week during 8 weeks with 6 months of wash-out period. After the wash-out period, the same participants were invited again for the second part of the study, and the study was repeated with reversed interventions. PON1 activity and TOS were measured four times, before and after each supplementation period. Consumption of salmon and fish oil capsules both increased PON1 activity (p lt 0.001). Pro-oxidative effect (TOS) during the first supplementation period was decreased at the end of supplementation (p lt 0.001). The present study showed that omega-3 fatty acids, regardless of the dietary source, increased the activity of PON1 in patients with dyslipidaemia. This is possibly a consequence of an enzymatic response to the initially pro-oxidant effect of omega-3 fatty acids, which led to a reduction in oxidative stress after complete supplementation.