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Basic principles of toxicological evaluation of mixtures

Osnovni principi izučavanja toksikologije smeša

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2015
2502.pdf (297.3Kb)
Authors
Buha, Aleksandra
Matović, Vesna
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
The vast majority of toxicity studies and risk assessments deals with single chemicals. In reality, however, humans are exposed simultaneously to a large number of chemicals, indicating that exposure assessment and safety evaluation should focus on mixtures rather than on single chemicals. This review on the toxicology of chemical mixtures covers widely varying issues, ranging from the basic concepts and terminology of joint action and interaction of chemicals to different designs for studying the toxicity of mixtures. Literature data indicate that exposure to mixtures which contain low levels of chemicals, levels lower than their no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs), can exert toxic effects whether their components have similar modes of action or not. Different approaches and examples of studies on priority real-life mixtures, strategy and guidelines for mixture risk assessment as well as challenges ahead are also presented.
Većina toksikoloških studija i evaluacija rizika odnose se na pojedinačne hemikalije. Međutim, u realnom okruženju izloženi smo istovremeno velikom broju hemikalija, što ukazuje da bi pri proceni izloženosti i rizika trebalo posmatrati smeše, a ne samo pojedinačne hemikalije. Ovaj pregledni rad o toksikologiji hemijskih smeša pokriva više stavki, od osnovnih koncepata i terminologije zajedničkog dejstva i interakcija hemikalija do različitih modela za ispitivanje toksičnosti smeša. Literaturni podaci ukazuju na činjenicu da izloženost smešama koje sadrže niske nivoe hemikalija, nivoe koji su niži od njihovih doza bez štetnog efekta (No observed adverse effect level - NOAEL) vrednosti, može rezultirati toksičnim odgovorom bez obzira da li komponente smeše imaju ili ne sličan način dejstva. Dati su i različiti pristupi i primeri koncepata i modela procene toksičnosti prioritetnih smeša iz realnog života, strategija i smernice, kao i dalji izazovi.
Keywords:
mixtures / toxicity / concepts and models / interactions of components / smeše / toksičnost / koncepti i modeli / interakcije komponenata
Source:
Arhiv za farmaciju, 2015, 65, 5, 304-315
Publisher:
  • Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije, Beograd
Projects:
  • Improvement and development of hygienic and technological procedures in production of animal originating foodstuffs with the aim of producing high-quality and safe products competetive on the global market (RS-46009)

DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm1505304B

ISSN: 0004-1963

Scopus: 2-s2.0-84971621290
[ Google Scholar ]
URI
http://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2504
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  • Radovi istraživača / Researchers’ publications
Institution
Pharmacy

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