Overview of the analytical methods for vancomycin and/or teicoplanin determination in biological matrices

Abstract

Background. Teicoplanin and vancomycin are glycopeptide antibiotics currently in use for treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Scope and Approach. Severe undesirable effects, such as ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and neutropenia have been reported for vancomycin and teicoplanin, which necessitates monitoring the concentration of these two drugs in different biological samples. In order to obtain precise and accurate results, sensitive, reliable and fast methods are necessary. The main aim of this mini review is to give a clear and concise overview of the recently developed, validated, novel and improved methods for glycopeptide antibiotic analyses in various biological matrices. Also, the variability of the matrices requires optimal and effective sample preparation procedures to be developed, and so these are discussed. Key Findings and Conclusions. Different liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods have been described for quantitative determination of glycopeptide antibiotics in various biological matrices. It was shown that protein precipitation was a convenient method for sample preparation despite the high number of novel sample preparation methods.

Uvod. Teikoplanin i vankomicin su antibiotici glikopeptidne strukture koji se trenutno koriste u terapiji multirezistentnih bakterijskih infekcija. Cilj i pristup. Ozbiljni neželjeni efekti vankomicina i teikoplanina kao što su ototoksičnost, nefrotoksičnost i neutropenija zahtevaju njihovo praćenje u različitim tipovima biološkog materijala. Osetljiva, pouzdana i brza metoda potrebna je u cilju dobijanja tačnih i preciznih podataka o koncentraciji pomenutih jedinjenja. Cilj ovog pregleda je da da jasan i kratak prikaz o razvijenim i validiranim novim, ili unapređenim metodama za analizu glikopeptidnih antibiotika u različitim biološkim matriksima. Takođe, u radu su opisane i metode pripreme uzorka upravo zbog raznovrsnosti biološkog materijala. Ključni nalazi i zaključak. Opisane su raznovrsne LC-MS/MS metode za određivanje glikopeptidnih antibiotika u biološkom materijalu. Primećeno je da je precipitacija proteina pogodna metoda pripreme uzorka bez obzira na broj novijih metoda pripreme koje se koriste.