Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia
Abstract
Aims Generic products can be regarded as therapeutically equivalent and switchable with the reference product. However, switchability between generics is unknown, as direct comparisons between generics are not performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products by means of adjusted indirect comparisons (AICs). Methods AICs were conducted to assess bioequivalence between 4 generic clopidogrel products that are authorised in Serbia. Generics are considered equivalent to the reference if the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios test/reference of the maximum concentration (C-max) and area under the curve up to the last measurable concentration (AUC(0-t)) fall within the acceptance range 80.00-125.00%. However, for AICs between generics, the Canadian acceptance criterion for C-max was employed, where only the point estimate of C-max needs to be within 80.00-125.00%. Results The 90% CIs of the AICs demonstrated bioequivalence w...ithin 80.00-125.00% for all AUC(0-t) comparisons. The point estimates of C-max in all AICs were also within this range. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the bioavailability of these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia is very similar. Despite the limited power of AICs, bioequivalence was demonstrated for all 90% CIs of AUC(0-t) and all 90% CIs of C-max comparisons were within or very close to the acceptance range, being able to comply with the acceptance criterion employed in Canada for C-max. Therefore, these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia can be considered switchable with each other in clinical practice based on the adjusted indirect comparisons.
Keywords:
bioequivalence / generic-generic substitution / interchangeability / switchability / therapeutic equivalenceSource:
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2019Publisher:
- Wiley, Hoboken
Funding / projects:
- Basic and Clinical Pharmacological research of mechanisms of action and drug interactions in nervous and cardiovascular system (RS-MESTD-Basic Research (BR or ON)-175023)
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13997
ISSN: 0306-5251
PubMed: 31140620
WoS: 000474730800001
Scopus: 2-s2.0-85068671717
Collections
Institution/Community
PharmacyTY - JOUR AU - Pejčić, Zorica AU - Vučićević, Katarina AU - Garcia-Arieta, Alfredo AU - Miljković, Branislava PY - 2019 UR - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3244 AB - Aims Generic products can be regarded as therapeutically equivalent and switchable with the reference product. However, switchability between generics is unknown, as direct comparisons between generics are not performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products by means of adjusted indirect comparisons (AICs). Methods AICs were conducted to assess bioequivalence between 4 generic clopidogrel products that are authorised in Serbia. Generics are considered equivalent to the reference if the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios test/reference of the maximum concentration (C-max) and area under the curve up to the last measurable concentration (AUC(0-t)) fall within the acceptance range 80.00-125.00%. However, for AICs between generics, the Canadian acceptance criterion for C-max was employed, where only the point estimate of C-max needs to be within 80.00-125.00%. Results The 90% CIs of the AICs demonstrated bioequivalence within 80.00-125.00% for all AUC(0-t) comparisons. The point estimates of C-max in all AICs were also within this range. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the bioavailability of these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia is very similar. Despite the limited power of AICs, bioequivalence was demonstrated for all 90% CIs of AUC(0-t) and all 90% CIs of C-max comparisons were within or very close to the acceptance range, being able to comply with the acceptance criterion employed in Canada for C-max. Therefore, these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia can be considered switchable with each other in clinical practice based on the adjusted indirect comparisons. PB - Wiley, Hoboken T2 - British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology T1 - Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia DO - 10.1111/bcp.13997 ER -
@article{ author = "Pejčić, Zorica and Vučićević, Katarina and Garcia-Arieta, Alfredo and Miljković, Branislava", year = "2019", abstract = "Aims Generic products can be regarded as therapeutically equivalent and switchable with the reference product. However, switchability between generics is unknown, as direct comparisons between generics are not performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products by means of adjusted indirect comparisons (AICs). Methods AICs were conducted to assess bioequivalence between 4 generic clopidogrel products that are authorised in Serbia. Generics are considered equivalent to the reference if the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios test/reference of the maximum concentration (C-max) and area under the curve up to the last measurable concentration (AUC(0-t)) fall within the acceptance range 80.00-125.00%. However, for AICs between generics, the Canadian acceptance criterion for C-max was employed, where only the point estimate of C-max needs to be within 80.00-125.00%. Results The 90% CIs of the AICs demonstrated bioequivalence within 80.00-125.00% for all AUC(0-t) comparisons. The point estimates of C-max in all AICs were also within this range. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the bioavailability of these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia is very similar. Despite the limited power of AICs, bioequivalence was demonstrated for all 90% CIs of AUC(0-t) and all 90% CIs of C-max comparisons were within or very close to the acceptance range, being able to comply with the acceptance criterion employed in Canada for C-max. Therefore, these 4 generic clopidogrel products authorised in Serbia can be considered switchable with each other in clinical practice based on the adjusted indirect comparisons.", publisher = "Wiley, Hoboken", journal = "British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology", title = "Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia", doi = "10.1111/bcp.13997" }
Pejčić, Z., Vučićević, K., Garcia-Arieta, A.,& Miljković, B.. (2019). Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia. in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Wiley, Hoboken.. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.13997
Pejčić Z, Vučićević K, Garcia-Arieta A, Miljković B. Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia. in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2019;. doi:10.1111/bcp.13997 .
Pejčić, Zorica, Vučićević, Katarina, Garcia-Arieta, Alfredo, Miljković, Branislava, "Adjusted indirect comparisons to assess bioequivalence between generic clopidogrel products in Serbia" in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2019), https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.13997 . .