Uticaj oralne primene Lactobacillus rhamnosus LA68 i Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 na imunološke i metaboličke parametre miševa u uslovima eksperimentalno indukovane nealkoholne masne jetre

Abstract

Prema definiciji Svetske Zdravstvene Organizacije, probiotici su živi mikroorganizmi kojikada su konzumirani u adekvatnoj količini imaju povoljne efekte na zdravlje domaćina.Pod pojmom probiotskih bakterija misli se većinom na bakterije mlečne kiseline (BMK)koje obuhvataju uglavnom vrste iz rodova Lactobacillus i Bifidobacterium. Rastući je brojdokaza koji ukazuju da primena BMK može ispoljiti povoljne efekte u tretmanukomponenata metaboličkog sindroma, kao što su gojaznost, dijabetes tip 2, dislipidemije,nealkoholna masna bolest jetre (engl. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD). NAFLDobuhvata čitav spektar oboljenja, počev od hepatične steatoze preko nealkoholnogsteatohepatitisa do hepatične fibroze. Predstavlja najčešći uzrok ozbiljnih i hroničnihoboljenja jetre kod odraslih i kod dece u zapadnim zemljama, sa prevalencom od 20-30% uopštoj odrasloj populaciji, pri čemu prevalenca korelira sa povećanom incidencomgojaznosti i metaboličkog sindroma. Nedavno objavljena istraživanja ukazuju na ulogucrevne mikrobiote u razvoju steatoze i progresiji NAFLD-a, a s obzirom da probiotici mogudelovati na više nivoa na patogenezu oboljenja, a uz to su još i bezbedni i pristupačni, nijeiznenađujuće što LAB postaju sve privlačniji kao potencijalna dugoročna terapija NAFLDa.Kliničke i eksperimentalne studije sugerišu da se probiotici značajno razlikuju u efektimai mehanizmima dejstva a razlike postoje, ne samo između različitih vrsta, već i izmeđurazličitih soje iste vrste. Zbog toga je najvažniji cilj ove studije bio da se razvije modelNAFLD (stadijum steatoze) ishranom visokog sadržaja masti (VSM), a zatim da se ispita iizvrši poređenje dejstva oralne primene dva različita soja BMK, Lactobacillus rhamnosusLA68 i Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1, na imunološke i metaboličke parametre, narazvoj steatoze, kao i na sastav masnih kiselina organa kod miševa soja C57BL/6 uuslovima VSM ishrane.Nakon 16 nedelja VSM ishrane, u kojoj je 41% energije poticao od masti, kod miševa sojaC57BL/6 došlo je do značajnog porasta telesne mase, i razvoja steatoze koju je pratioporemećaj lipidnih parametara i porast nivoa leptina, što odgovara početnoj fazi NAFLD(stadijum steatoze)...

According to the World Health Organisation's definition, probiotics are alivemicroorganisms which, when consumed in adequate quantities, have beneficial effects onhost's health. The term probiotics bacteria mostly refers to lactic acid bacteria (LAB)which include species from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria. The increasingamount of evidence indicates that the usage of LAB can have positive effects on thetreatment of metabolic syndrome components, such as: obesity, type 2 diabetes,dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD includes a whole spectarof diseases, starting from hepatic steatosis through nonalcoholic steatohepatitis to hepaticfibrosis which may further progress into ireversibile cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.NAFLD represents the most common cause of severe and chronic liver diseases in adultsand children in Western countres, with the prevelance correlating with increased incidenceof obesity and metabolic syndrome. Recently published research points to the role ofintestinal microbiota in the development of steatosis and progression of NAFLD.Probiotics, especially LAB, can have an influence on disease pathogenesis at multiplelevels and besides that they are safe and affordable. Taking into account all abovementionedreasons, it is not surprising that LAB are becoming more and more attractive aspotential long-term NAFLD therapy. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that LABdiffer significantly in the effects and mechanisms of action. Those differences are not onlyamong different species but also among different strains within the same species. Becauseof that, the most important goal of this study was to develop a model of NAFLD (steatosisstadium) with use of high fat diet (HFD) and then to examine and to compare the effects oforal administration of two different LAB species/strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LA68and Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1, on immunological and metabolic parameters, onsteatosis development status, as well as on fatty acid composition of liver and brain inC57BL/6 mice under high fat diet regime...