Cosmetic products and non-invasive aesthetic procedures: safety of usage and recommendations regarding selection during pregnancy and lactation / Kozmetički proizvodi i neinvazivne estetske procedure: bezbednost primene i preporuke za izbor tokom trudnoće i laktacije

Abstract

Promene na koži i njenim adneksima, do kojih dolazi tokom trudnoće, često su uzrok nezadovoljstva i razlog zbog koga trudnice i dojilje svakodnevno koriste brojne kozmetičke proizvode i pokazuju interesovanje za različite estetske procedure. Premda bezbednost kozmetičkih proizvoda mora biti potvrđena pre pojavljivanja na tržištu, činjenica je da se njihova bezbednost, kao ni bezbednost estetskih procedura, ne procenjuje na trudnicama i dojiljama. Izbor odgovarajućih proizvoda dodatno komplikuje odsustvo zvanične liste sastojaka koje bi trebalo uzeti u razmatranje tokom trudnoće i laktacije, poput poznatih ili potencijalnih endokrinih disruptora/ometača ili jedinjenja (potencijalno) toksičnih po reprodukciju. Dodatno, ne postoje zvanične preporuke regulatornih tela i udruženja zdravstvenih profesionalaca, koje bi olakšale izbor kozmetičkih proizvoda koje trudnice i dojilje mogu da koriste, ali i otklonile eventualni strah od izlaganja ploda/bebe nebezbednim supstancama. U ovom radu dat je pregled podataka vezanih za bezbednost određenih kozmetičkih sastojaka, kao i različitih kategorija kozmetičkih proizvoda i neinvazivnih estetskih procedura, uz pokušaj konsolidovanja podataka u konkretne preporuke vezane za izbor i njihovu primenu tokom trudnoće i laktacije.

Changes of the skin and skin appendages, which occur during pregnancy, are often the cause of discontentment and the reason why pregnant and breastfeeding women use numerous cosmetic products on the daily basis and show the interest for the different aesthetic procedures. Although safety of cosmetic products must be confirmed before the product is placed on the market, the fact is that their safety, as well as the safety of aesthetic procedures, is not estimated on pregnant or breastfeeding women. The selection of an appropriate product is further complicated by the absence of the list of allowed raw materials which should be considered during pregnancy and lactation, especially for substances that are known or potential endocrine disruptors or substances which are (potentially) toxic for the reproduction. Additionally, there are no official recommendations issued by the regulatory bodies or any healthcare associations, which would facilitate the selection of cosmetic products during pregnancy and breastfeeding and reduce the possible fear regarding the exposure of fetus/baby to unsafe ingredients. The paper provides an overview of the safety data of the specified cosmetic ingredients, different categories of cosmetic products and non-invasive aesthetic procedures, with an attempt to consolidate those data into the specific recommendations regarding selection and their usage during pregnancy and lactation.