Chemometric window to antimicrobial activity of biomolecules isolated from endophytic fungi

Abstract

Drug resistance, especially bacterial antibiotic resistance, is recognized as a global phenomenon. Potential of endophytic fungi as producers of secondary metabolites with wide spectra of different bioactivities in the field of drug discovery has recently been introduced. The production of these compounds is under the great impact of the variety of factors related to the choice of plant host, climate conditions, nutrition, presence of other microorganisms in the same surrounding, etc. Due to a large number of different indices of endophytic fungi antibacterial activity, critical evaluation with the assistance of data mining analytical methods was performed. The activity towards several pathogen bacteria of endophytes species growing on different plant hosts, deciduous trees as well as herbaceous plants spread worldwide in different climatic zones together with the taxonomy of endophytes was taken into consideration. The principal component analysis was used to explore formed big data set and through finding patterns in data, to point out to a limited number of proper candidates for future pharmaceutical research. The antimicrobial character of Phomopsis species was highlighted and future perspectives in their therapeutic use were projected.

Rezistencija na lekove, posebno rezistencija bakterija na delovanje antibiotika, smatra se globalnim problemom. Na polju razvoja novih lekova nedavno su se pojavile endofitne gljive zahvaljujući sposobnosti da proizvedu sekundarne metabolite sa širokim spektrom različitih bioloških aktivnosti. Biosinteza ovih jedinjenja je pod velikim uticajem brojnih faktora koji se vezuju za izbor biljke domaćina, klimatske uslove, ishranu, prisustvo drugih mikroorganizama u istom okruženju itd. Pošto je u literaturi primećen veliki broj različitih indikatora antibakterijske aktivnosti endofitnih gljiva, izvršena je njihova kritička procena korišćenjem analitičkih metoda pretrage podataka. Razmatrana je aktivnost prema nekoliko sojeva patogenih bakterija koje su pokazale endofitne gljive koje rastu na različitim biljkama domaćinima, listopadnom drveću i zeljastim biljkama širom sveta i u različitim klimatskim uslovima, kao i taksonomska rasprostranjenost vrsta endofitnih gljiva. Istraživanje velike grupe podataka je vršeno pomoću analize glavnih komponenata (eng. Principal component analysis) sa ciljem pronalaženja obrazaca u podacima koji bi ukazali na manji broj pravih kandidata za dalji razvoj lekova. Osvetljen je antimikrobni karakter Phomopsis vrsta, a takođe su procenjeni i budući pravci u njegovoj terapijskoj primeni.