Impact of the novel CYP2C:TG haplotype and CYP2B6 variants on sertraline exposure in a large patient population

Abstract

Sertraline is a commonly used SSRI antidepressant drug, metabolized by CYP2C19 and CYP2B6, that exhibits a substantial interindividual variation in clinical response, of which only a part can be attributed to known genetic variants. In the current study we have examined the role of a newly discovered ultrarapid CYP2C:TG haplotype and CYP2B6 variants in order to identify the possible missing heritability for such variation in sertraline response in a large patient population (n = 840). Compared to the reference group (CYP2C19*1/*1, n = 160), sertraline exposure was increased by 128% in CYP2C19 PMs (n = 29, p < 0.001) and decreased by about 20% in CYP2C19 ultrarapid metabolizers (UMs) (homozygous carriers of CYP2C19*17 and/or CYP2C:TG haplotype) with the diplotypes CYP2C19*17/*17, CYP2C:TG/TG, or CYP2C19*17/CYP2C:TG (n = 135, p < 0.003, p = 0.022, p < 0.003, respectively). Interestingly, in patients carrying the increased function CYP2B6*4 allele, and also carrying the CYP2C19*17 and CYP2C:TG alleles (n = 10), sertraline exposure was 35.4% lower compared to the reference group, whereas in subjects being poor metabolizers (PM) in both the CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 gene, the sertraline concentrations were raised by 189%. In summary, the CYP2C19 variants including the CYP2C:TG haplotype had a significant impact on sertraline metabolism, as well as the CYP2B6*4, *6, and *9 alleles. Knowing the CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 genotype, including the CYP2C:TG haplotype status, can prospectively be useful to clinicians in making more appropriate sertraline dosing decisions.