TY  - JOUR
AU  - Selaković, Milan
AU  - Aleksić, Mara
AU  - Kotur-Stevuljević, Jelena
AU  - Rupar, Jelena
AU  - Ivković, Branka
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4550
AB  - Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug from the group of anthelmintics used in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, interest in IVM has increased as it has been used for the treatment of some malignant diseases, as well as viral infections caused by the Zika virus, HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. The electrochemical behaviour of IVM was investigated using cyclic (CV), differential pulse (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) at glassy carbon electrode (GCE). IVM showed independent oxidation and reduction processes. The effect of pH and scan rate indicated the irreversibility of all processes and confirmed the diffusion character of oxidation and reduction as an adsorption-controlled process. Mechanisms for IVM oxidation at the tetrahydrofuran ring and reduction of the 1,4-diene structure in the IVM molecule are proposed. The redox behaviour of IVM in a biological matrix (human serum pool) showed a pronounced antioxidant potential similar to that of Trolox during short incubation, whereas a prolonged stay among biomolecules and in the presence of an exogenous pro-oxidant (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, TBH) resulted in a loss of its antioxidant effect. The antioxidant potential of IVM was confirmed by voltametric methodology which is proposed for the first time.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Molecules
T1  - Electrochemical Characterisation and Confirmation of Antioxidative Properties of Ivermectin in Biological Medium
VL  - 28
IS  - 5
DO  - 10.3390/molecules28052113
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Selaković, Milan and Aleksić, Mara and Kotur-Stevuljević, Jelena and Rupar, Jelena and Ivković, Branka",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug from the group of anthelmintics used in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, interest in IVM has increased as it has been used for the treatment of some malignant diseases, as well as viral infections caused by the Zika virus, HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. The electrochemical behaviour of IVM was investigated using cyclic (CV), differential pulse (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) at glassy carbon electrode (GCE). IVM showed independent oxidation and reduction processes. The effect of pH and scan rate indicated the irreversibility of all processes and confirmed the diffusion character of oxidation and reduction as an adsorption-controlled process. Mechanisms for IVM oxidation at the tetrahydrofuran ring and reduction of the 1,4-diene structure in the IVM molecule are proposed. The redox behaviour of IVM in a biological matrix (human serum pool) showed a pronounced antioxidant potential similar to that of Trolox during short incubation, whereas a prolonged stay among biomolecules and in the presence of an exogenous pro-oxidant (tert-butyl hydroperoxide, TBH) resulted in a loss of its antioxidant effect. The antioxidant potential of IVM was confirmed by voltametric methodology which is proposed for the first time.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Molecules",
title = "Electrochemical Characterisation and Confirmation of Antioxidative Properties of Ivermectin in Biological Medium",
volume = "28",
number = "5",
doi = "10.3390/molecules28052113"
}

Selaković, M., Aleksić, M., Kotur-Stevuljević, J., Rupar, J.,& Ivković, B.. (2023). Electrochemical Characterisation and Confirmation of Antioxidative Properties of Ivermectin in Biological Medium. in Molecules
MDPI., 28(5).
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052113

Selaković M, Aleksić M, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Rupar J, Ivković B. Electrochemical Characterisation and Confirmation of Antioxidative Properties of Ivermectin in Biological Medium. in Molecules. 2023;28(5).
doi:10.3390/molecules28052113 .

Selaković, Milan, Aleksić, Mara, Kotur-Stevuljević, Jelena, Rupar, Jelena, Ivković, Branka, "Electrochemical Characterisation and Confirmation of Antioxidative Properties of Ivermectin in Biological Medium" in Molecules, 28, no. 5 (2023),
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052113 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Selaković, Milan
AU  - Aleksić, Mara
AU  - Ivković, Branka
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://farfar.pharmacy.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4603
AB  - Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug from the group of anthelmintics used in veterinary and
human medicine. Recently, it has been used in the treatment of some malignant diseases, as
well as viral infections caused by Zika virus, HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2, which has increased the
interest in this medicine (1). Electrochemical characterization of IVM was done with the aim
of better understanding the redox behavior of the molecule, as well as to predict potential
transformations during interactions with other electroactive biomolecules. Electrochemical
behavior was examined by cyclic (CV), differential pulse (DPV) and square wave
voltammetry (SWV) using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The effect of pH was examined in
the pH range 2–10. The results confirmed that IVM is electroactive in the entire study area.
IVM shows the main oxidation peak at a potential of about 1.0 V, which is most intense in a
neutral environment, and an additional (weakly expressed) peak, due to oxidation of the
reduced drug form. In voltammograms, there is also a peak of low intensity, which originates
from the reduction of the previously oxidized form of the drug. Based on the shape of the
voltammogram, it is concluded that all these processes are irreversible. The analysis of the
influence of the rate of change of potential (pH 4.6 and 7.0) is also responsible for the
adsorption of the active component on the electrode. The presented results indicate the
advantage of applying electrochemical methods in drug analysis due to low cost, high speed
and ease of execution.
AB  - Ivermektin (IVM) je lek iz grupe antihelmintik koji se primenjuje u veterinarskoj i
humanoj medicini. U novije vreme našao je primenu i kao lek u terapiji nekih malignih
oboljenja, kao i virusnih infekcija prouzrokovanih virusom Zika, HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2 , čime je
ponovo poraslo interesovanje za ovaj lek (1). Elektrohemijska karakterizacija IVM je rađena
sa ciljem boljeg razumevanja redoks ponašanja samog molekula, kao i za predviđanje
potencijalnih transformacija tokom interakcija sa drugim elektroaktivnim lekovima ili
biomolekulima. Elektrohemijsko ponašanje IVM-a ispitivano je cikličnom (CV),
diferencijalnom pulsnom (DPV) i voltametrijom pravougaonih talasa (SWV) korišćenjem
elektrode od staklastog ugljenika (GCE). Uticaj pH na oksidaciju i redukciju IVM ispitan je u
opsegu pH 2–10. Rezultati su potvrdili da je IVM elektroaktivan u celoj ispitivanoj oblasti.
IVM pokazuje glavni oksidacioni pik na potencijalu oko 1,0 V koji je najintenzivniji u
neutralnoj sredini i dodatni (slabo izražen) pik koji je posledica oksidacije redukovanog
oblika leka . U voltamogramima IVM-a javlja se i pik slabog intenziteta koji potiče od
redukcije prethodno oksidovane forme leka. Na osnovu oblika voltamograma zaključuje se
da su svi navedeni procesi ireverzibilni. Analizom uticaja brzine promene potencijala (pH 4,6
i 7,0) određena je priroda redoks procesa: oksidacija IVM-a je difuziono kontrolisan proces,
dok je pored difuzije za redukciju IVM-a odgovorna i adsorpcija aktivne komponente na
elektrodi. Pored svog fundamentalnog značaja, prikazani rezultati ukazuju na prednost
primene elektrohemijskih metoda u analizi lekova zbog niske cene, velike brzine i
jednostavnosti izvođenja.
PB  - Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije (SFUS)
C3  - Arhiv za farmaciju
T1  - Ivermectin electrochemical behavoiur at glassy carbon electrode
T1  - Elektrohemijsko ponašanje ivermektina na elektrodi od staklastog ugljenika
VL  - 72
IS  - 4 suplement
SP  - S544
EP  - S545
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4603
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Selaković, Milan and Aleksić, Mara and Ivković, Branka",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug from the group of anthelmintics used in veterinary and
human medicine. Recently, it has been used in the treatment of some malignant diseases, as
well as viral infections caused by Zika virus, HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2, which has increased the
interest in this medicine (1). Electrochemical characterization of IVM was done with the aim
of better understanding the redox behavior of the molecule, as well as to predict potential
transformations during interactions with other electroactive biomolecules. Electrochemical
behavior was examined by cyclic (CV), differential pulse (DPV) and square wave
voltammetry (SWV) using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The effect of pH was examined in
the pH range 2–10. The results confirmed that IVM is electroactive in the entire study area.
IVM shows the main oxidation peak at a potential of about 1.0 V, which is most intense in a
neutral environment, and an additional (weakly expressed) peak, due to oxidation of the
reduced drug form. In voltammograms, there is also a peak of low intensity, which originates
from the reduction of the previously oxidized form of the drug. Based on the shape of the
voltammogram, it is concluded that all these processes are irreversible. The analysis of the
influence of the rate of change of potential (pH 4.6 and 7.0) is also responsible for the
adsorption of the active component on the electrode. The presented results indicate the
advantage of applying electrochemical methods in drug analysis due to low cost, high speed
and ease of execution., Ivermektin (IVM) je lek iz grupe antihelmintik koji se primenjuje u veterinarskoj i
humanoj medicini. U novije vreme našao je primenu i kao lek u terapiji nekih malignih
oboljenja, kao i virusnih infekcija prouzrokovanih virusom Zika, HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2 , čime je
ponovo poraslo interesovanje za ovaj lek (1). Elektrohemijska karakterizacija IVM je rađena
sa ciljem boljeg razumevanja redoks ponašanja samog molekula, kao i za predviđanje
potencijalnih transformacija tokom interakcija sa drugim elektroaktivnim lekovima ili
biomolekulima. Elektrohemijsko ponašanje IVM-a ispitivano je cikličnom (CV),
diferencijalnom pulsnom (DPV) i voltametrijom pravougaonih talasa (SWV) korišćenjem
elektrode od staklastog ugljenika (GCE). Uticaj pH na oksidaciju i redukciju IVM ispitan je u
opsegu pH 2–10. Rezultati su potvrdili da je IVM elektroaktivan u celoj ispitivanoj oblasti.
IVM pokazuje glavni oksidacioni pik na potencijalu oko 1,0 V koji je najintenzivniji u
neutralnoj sredini i dodatni (slabo izražen) pik koji je posledica oksidacije redukovanog
oblika leka . U voltamogramima IVM-a javlja se i pik slabog intenziteta koji potiče od
redukcije prethodno oksidovane forme leka. Na osnovu oblika voltamograma zaključuje se
da su svi navedeni procesi ireverzibilni. Analizom uticaja brzine promene potencijala (pH 4,6
i 7,0) određena je priroda redoks procesa: oksidacija IVM-a je difuziono kontrolisan proces,
dok je pored difuzije za redukciju IVM-a odgovorna i adsorpcija aktivne komponente na
elektrodi. Pored svog fundamentalnog značaja, prikazani rezultati ukazuju na prednost
primene elektrohemijskih metoda u analizi lekova zbog niske cene, velike brzine i
jednostavnosti izvođenja.",
publisher = "Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije (SFUS)",
journal = "Arhiv za farmaciju",
title = "Ivermectin electrochemical behavoiur at glassy carbon electrode, Elektrohemijsko ponašanje ivermektina na elektrodi od staklastog ugljenika",
volume = "72",
number = "4 suplement",
pages = "S544-S545",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4603"
}

Selaković, M., Aleksić, M.,& Ivković, B.. (2022). Ivermectin electrochemical behavoiur at glassy carbon electrode. in Arhiv za farmaciju
Savez farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije (SFUS)., 72(4 suplement), S544-S545.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4603

Selaković M, Aleksić M, Ivković B. Ivermectin electrochemical behavoiur at glassy carbon electrode. in Arhiv za farmaciju. 2022;72(4 suplement):S544-S545.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4603 .

Selaković, Milan, Aleksić, Mara, Ivković, Branka, "Ivermectin electrochemical behavoiur at glassy carbon electrode" in Arhiv za farmaciju, 72, no. 4 suplement (2022):S544-S545,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_farfar_4603 .